ICSE class 10
History
Chapter 01
Exercise solution
part 01
part 01
1. What is meant by the doctrine of
lapse?
Dalhousie
was the governor general of India from 1846 to 1856, doctrine means when a
ruler of a dependent state died without a natural heir the state passed back to
the English company.
2. Name the two states that fell
victim to Dalhousie doctrine of lapse.
Jhansi, Satara and Nagpur
3. Which acts of Lord Dalhousie and
lord canning smacker of discourage of the mughal emperor?
Bahadur
shah’s successor would not be allowed to use the imperial title i.e. the title
of king.
4. What was the main grouse of rani
of Jhansi against the British?
5. Who was nana saheb? What was his
main grievance against the British?
- Nana saheb was adopted son of ex – Peshawar baji rao II.
- Due to doctrine of lapse, Dalhousie was refused to give pension to nana saheb as he was adopted son of baji rao II
6.
When and on what ground was Awadh annexed to the company's dominions?
on 7th February 1856 , nawab
wazid ali shah was deposed on grounds that awadh was not being managed well.
7.
Mention any two activities that caused fear that the British government was
determined to convert Indians to Christianity?
·
The teaching of Christians
doctrines was made compulsory in the schools.
·
The bible was
not only introduced in missionaries but also in government schools
8.
Name any two acts (laws) that interfered with the religion and customs of the
government?
- rights to live
- right to freedom of religion.
9.
What is the people’s reaction to the introduction of rail ways in the mid
1850s?
- The
railways and telegraphs were looked down upon to break social order and
caste rules. In the railway compartment all caste had sit together. But
people thought this was an attempt to interfere in their caste system.
10.
How did the indignities hurled Indians alienate the British from the Indians?
11.
What were the people's fear regarding the introduction of English language?
The people feared that the introduction of
English language would promote western education
and culture .the Indian masses saw it as an attempt on
the company's part to discourage Hindu and
Islamic studies and promote the Christian faith.
12.
How did the British rulers cripple Indians handicrafts? What were their
consequences?
under British rule of company's servants took over much of the exports and imposed heavy duties on the rest of the export done by Indians .the absence of sufficient profit incurred by Indian traders deeply affected the native manufactures creating a scarcity of capital for the further production.
13.
How was India converted into agricultural colony
of the British ?
British colonial rule had the effect of commercializing
Indian agriculture but did so in a way that was
harmful to Indians .
the commercial agriculture also had an adverse effect as far as the commodities being produced .cash crop took place of food production in India.
14.what
did the British do to reduce the land aristocracy to poverty?
the British confiscated some 20,000 properties which were rent free. imam commission was appointed to inquire into the title - deeds on account of the passage of time. many land owners pleaded but the government paid no heed. proud aristocracy were reduced to beggary and servitude.
15.
Mention any two grievance harbored by the Indian soldiers which created an
atmosphere favorable to the great uprising of 1857?
There were many grievance which uprising the revolt by the Indian soldiers.
- Indian soldiers were on lower posts while Britishers were posted on high posts.
- Indian soldiers were paid less salary in comparison with British soldiers
16.what
was the main provision of the general service enlistment act of 1856?
the general enlistment act of 1856 required recruits to serve overseas if ordered a challenge to the castes who composed so much of the bengal army .the general service enlistment act of 1856 provided that all the sepoys of the bengal army should be ready for service anywhere within or outside india.
17.When are the 1857 uprisings supposed to have begun?
10 th may 1857
18.
What are the impact did the defeat of the British in the first afghan war have
on the morale of the indian states?
The defeat of the British in the First Afghan War exposed their weakness to the Indian masses. This helped in boosting the morale of Indian soldiers. It encouraged the Indian soldiers that it is possible to challenge and defeat the mighty British militarily. The war caused considerable losses to the British and created a ray of hope among Indians.
19.
How did the introduction of Enfield rifles become an immediate cause of the war
of independence of 1857?
The spark that led to a mutiny in several sepoy companies was the issue of new gunpowder cartridges for the Enfield rifle in February, 1857. A rumor was spread that the cartridges were made from cow and pig fat. Loading the Enfield required tearing open the greased cartridge with one's teeth. .
20.
Name the act that transferred the government of india from the company to the
crown .When it was passed?
That was called as Act of better government of india was passed on august 2 1858
21.what
was the result of the first war of indian independence as far as east india
company was concerned?
The main significant result of the uprising of 1857 was the end of the rule of the East India Company and assumption of the government of India directly by the crown. This was done by the Government of India Act of 1858.
It transferred the power to govern India from East India Company to British Crown.
It transferred the power to govern India from East India Company to British Crown.
22.who
was the first vicesory of india under the act of 1858?
Under Government of India Act of 1858, power transferred from East India Company to the British Crown. The Governor-General was given the title of Viceroy or Crown's personal representative. Lord Canning became the first Viceroy.
23.
Why impact did the uprising of 1857 have on the mughal rule (mughal imperial
dynasty)?
With the death of Bahadur Shah II the Mughal dynasty came to an end. Nana Saheb the last Peshwa had taken an active part in the uprising and had fled to Nepal after the failure of uprise so the office of the Peshwar also came to an end thus ended two of the most formidable foes of the British; the Marathas and the Mughals.
24.
What is meant by the policy of divine and rule published by the British in
india?
The British used the policy of "Divide and Rule" to rule over India. The British was successful in exploiting the weakness of India of that time, which was the lack of unity among Indian states, and thus, it made the kings of different states to fight among each other. In this way, British ruled over India for more than 100 years by using the "Divide and Rule" policy.
